PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
C4H

C4H

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family C4H.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 759 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 464 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Rosmarinic acid pathway 48992 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Aurv6413180019350 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv6413180019350
Aurv6424140019950 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv6424140019950
Aurv6567390024160 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv6567390024160
Aurv684150025890 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv684150025890
Aurv6939640026220 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv6939640026220
Aurv7058660027470 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7058660027470
Aurv7060550027560 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7060550027560
Aurv7184040030670 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7184040030670
Aurv7218920032370 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7218920032370
Aurv7263910034270 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7263910034270
Aurv7268850034610 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7268850034610
Aurv7274000034980 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7274000034980
Aurv7397350038290 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7397350038290
Aurv7408160039330 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7408160039330
Aurv7408160039350 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7408160039350
Aurv7424210040880 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7424210040880
Aurv7441850041900 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7441850041900
Aurv7454410043260 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7454410043260
Aurv7498750046200 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7498750046200
Aurv7519380047490 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7519380047490
Aurv7574360048620 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7574360048620
Aurv7670590050390 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7670590050390
Aurv7687150050710 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7687150050710
Aurv7702270051340 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7702270051340
Aurv7708870051710 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7708870051710
Aurv7768270055370 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7768270055370
Aurv7787970056890 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7787970056890
Aurv7818200059790 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7818200059790
Aurv7867000062500 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7867000062500
Aurv7891920065490 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7891920065490