PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
C4H

C4H

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family C4H.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 759 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 464 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Rosmarinic acid pathway 48992 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Aurv7904390066920 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7904390066920
Aurv7906030067090 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7906030067090
Aurv7915770068060 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7915770068060
Aurv7944820070410 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7944820070410
Aurv7979000072790 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv7979000072790
Aurv8015350074090 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8015350074090
Aurv8039570075140 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8039570075140
Aurv8068240077390 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8068240077390
Aurv8116980082650 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8116980082650
Aurv8116980082660 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8116980082660
Aurv8144660084930 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8144660084930
Aurv8158080086890 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8158080086890
Aurv8160560087250 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8160560087250
Aurv8174630088810 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8174630088810
Aurv8185080090170 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8185080090170
Aurv8204350092690 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8204350092690
Aurv8211890093610 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8211890093610
Aurv8219920094710 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8219920094710
Aurv8226800095440 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8226800095440
Aurv8226800095460 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8226800095460
Aurv8275860098930 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8275860098930
Aurv8292290100510 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8292290100510
Aurv8332360105390 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8332360105390
Aurv8360640108520 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8360640108520
Aurv8370920110240 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8370920110240
Aurv8381820111780 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8381820111780
Aurv8385760112500 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8385760112500
Aurv8391700113540 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8391700113540
Aurv8399870114560 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8399870114560
Aurv8408510115780 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8408510115780