PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
C4H

C4H

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family C4H.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 759 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 464 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Rosmarinic acid pathway 48992 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Aurv8705370162540 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8705370162540
Aurv8714930165240 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8714930165240
Aurv8720970166440 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8720970166440
Aurv8751340174010 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8751340174010
Aurv8753780174560 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8753780174560
Aurv8766470176990 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8766470176990
Aurv8784880181400 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8784880181400
Aurv8795560183860 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8795560183860
Aurv8800810185580 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8800810185580
Aurv8806650187200 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8806650187200
Aurv8807730187610 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8807730187610
Aurv8817160190180 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8817160190180
Aurv8829480192610 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8829480192610
Aurv8830110192770 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8830110192770
Aurv8842990195980 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8842990195980
Aurv8845720196700 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8845720196700
Aurv8852900199050 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8852900199050
Aurv8865070202450 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8865070202450
Aurv8881660206730 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8881660206730
Aurv8891400209860 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8891400209860
Aurv8907380214940 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8907380214940
Aurv8907960215120 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8907960215120
Aurv8910530215820 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8910530215820
Aurv8919900218140 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8919900218140
Aurv8920870218580 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8920870218580
Aurv8926670220100 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8926670220100
Aurv8935040223130 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8935040223130
Aurv8935920223330 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8935920223330
Aurv8946360226940 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8946360226940
Aurv8956840230180 acrobolbus_urvilleanus Aurv8956840230180