PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
C4H

C4H

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family C4H.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 759 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 464 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Rosmarinic acid pathway 48992 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Aalbaalba5_s002541080670410.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s002541080670410.1
Aalbaalba5_s002550360671610.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s002550360671610.1
Aalbaalba5_s002564020673100.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s002564020673100.1
Aalbaalba5_s002574840674300.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s002574840674300.1
Aalbaalba5_s002579660674940.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s002579660674940.1
Aalbaalba5_s002607460677910.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s002607460677910.1
Aalbaalba5_s002637410680870.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s002637410680870.1
Aalbaalba5_s002702230687480.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s002702230687480.1
Aalbaalba5_s002773470694490.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s002773470694490.1
Aalbaalba5_s002804930697540.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s002804930697540.1
Aalbaalba5_s002827690699830.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s002827690699830.1
Aalbaalba5_s002887040705650.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s002887040705650.1
Aalbaalba5_s002940010710130.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s002940010710130.1
Aalbaalba5_s003007020715860.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s003007020715860.1
Aalbaalba5_s003009800716090.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s003009800716090.1
Aalbaalba5_s003051910719810.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s003051910719810.1
Aalbaalba5_s003063930720700.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s003063930720700.1
Aalbaalba5_s003064550720770.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s003064550720770.1
Aalbaalba5_s003127700725950.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s003127700725950.1
Aalbaalba5_s003140240726900.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s003140240726900.1
Aalbaalba5_s003156820728350.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s003156820728350.1
Aalbaalba5_s003159950728600.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s003159950728600.1
Aalbaalba5_s003160100728620.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s003160100728620.1
Aalbaalba5_s003227580733640.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s003227580733640.1
Aalbaalba5_s003467240750830.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s003467240750830.1
Aalbaalba5_s003471990751160.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s003471990751160.1
Aalbaalba5_s003507610753370.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s003507610753370.1
Aalbaalba5_s003557960756430.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s003557960756430.1
Aalbaalba5_s003596260758860.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s003596260758860.1
Aalbaalba5_s003664180763030.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s003664180763030.1