PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
PAL

PAL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family PAL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 752 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 7015 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 7015 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 7015 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
AaraAA_scaffold68720357760 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold68720357760
GWHPBISH008160 akebia_trifoliata GWHPBISH008160
GWHPBISH012839 akebia_trifoliata GWHPBISH012839
GWHPBISH012840 akebia_trifoliata GWHPBISH012840
GWHPBISH019133 akebia_trifoliata GWHPBISH019133
GWHPBISH021081 akebia_trifoliata GWHPBISH021081
Avestig00000372_pilon0110020.1 aldrovanda_vesiculosa Avestig00000372_pilon0110020.1
Avestig00002330_pilon0171840.1 aldrovanda_vesiculosa Avestig00002330_pilon0171840.1
Avestig00010558_pilon0194970.1 aldrovanda_vesiculosa Avestig00010558_pilon0194970.1
Agluscaffold100421_cov960000630 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold100421_cov960000630
Agluscaffold100421_cov960000640 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold100421_cov960000640
Agluscaffold100421_cov960000670 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold100421_cov960000670
Agluscaffold109981_cov990018290 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold109981_cov990018290
Agluscaffold111208_cov940020130 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold111208_cov940020130
Agluscaffold14841_cov1070067850 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold14841_cov1070067850
Agluscaffold1691_cov680088640 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold1691_cov680088640
Agluscaffold17561_cov1060094400 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold17561_cov1060094400
Agluscaffold2219_cov990135040 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold2219_cov990135040
Agluscaffold424434_cov1030246370 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold424434_cov1030246370
Agluscaffold48971_cov910306340 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold48971_cov910306340
Agluscaffold48971_cov910306370 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold48971_cov910306370
Agluscaffold48971_cov910306380 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold48971_cov910306380
Agluscaffold8802_cov1020411220 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold8802_cov1020411220
Agluscaffold8802_cov1020411230 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold8802_cov1020411230
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00026094-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00026094-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00026103-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00026103-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00026104-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00026104-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00026110-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00026110-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00026113-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00026113-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00026120-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00026120-RA