PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
PAL

PAL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family PAL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 752 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 7015 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 7015 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 7015 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
fraxinus_pennsylvanica_Fp_g19252 fraxinus_pennsylvanica fraxinus_pennsylvanica_Fp_g19252
fraxinus_pennsylvanica_Fp_g19253 fraxinus_pennsylvanica fraxinus_pennsylvanica_Fp_g19253
fraxinus_pennsylvanica_Fp_g19254 fraxinus_pennsylvanica fraxinus_pennsylvanica_Fp_g19254
fraxinus_pennsylvanica_Fp_g20241 fraxinus_pennsylvanica fraxinus_pennsylvanica_Fp_g20241
fraxinus_pennsylvanica_Fp_g2819 fraxinus_pennsylvanica fraxinus_pennsylvanica_Fp_g2819
fraxinus_pennsylvanica_Fp_g36751 fraxinus_pennsylvanica fraxinus_pennsylvanica_Fp_g36751
fraxinus_pennsylvanica_Fp_g42852 fraxinus_pennsylvanica fraxinus_pennsylvanica_Fp_g42852
fraxinus_pennsylvanica_Fp_g43086 fraxinus_pennsylvanica fraxinus_pennsylvanica_Fp_g43086
fraxinus_pennsylvanica_Fp_g45355 fraxinus_pennsylvanica fraxinus_pennsylvanica_Fp_g45355
fraxinus_pennsylvanica_Fp_g45356 fraxinus_pennsylvanica fraxinus_pennsylvanica_Fp_g45356
Fmon3598140035710 frullania_moniliata Fmon3598140035710
Fmon3898920046640 frullania_moniliata Fmon3898920046640
Fmon3899810047060 frullania_moniliata Fmon3899810047060
Fmon4036920092090 frullania_moniliata Fmon4036920092090
Fmon4058550126710 frullania_moniliata Fmon4058550126710
Fmon4069010167540 frullania_moniliata Fmon4069010167540
Fmon4074850211070 frullania_moniliata Fmon4074850211070
Fmon4078570227930 frullania_moniliata Fmon4078570227930
Fhygscaffold_130061350 funaria_hygrometrica Fhygscaffold_130061350
Fhygscaffold_130061390 funaria_hygrometrica Fhygscaffold_130061390
Fhygscaffold_130061430 funaria_hygrometrica Fhygscaffold_130061430
Fhygscaffold_130061460 funaria_hygrometrica Fhygscaffold_130061460
Fhygscaffold_130061470 funaria_hygrometrica Fhygscaffold_130061470
Fhygscaffold_140077660 funaria_hygrometrica Fhygscaffold_140077660
Fhygscaffold_140077730 funaria_hygrometrica Fhygscaffold_140077730
Fhygscaffold_140077740 funaria_hygrometrica Fhygscaffold_140077740
Fhygscaffold_140077790 funaria_hygrometrica Fhygscaffold_140077790
Fhygscaffold_160106540 funaria_hygrometrica Fhygscaffold_160106540
Fhygscaffold_170114050 funaria_hygrometrica Fhygscaffold_170114050
Fhygscaffold_180141240 funaria_hygrometrica Fhygscaffold_180141240