PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
PAL

PAL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family PAL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 752 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 7015 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 7015 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 7015 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Lbowcontig_120068020 leucobryum_bowringii Lbowcontig_120068020
Lbowcontig_120068030 leucobryum_bowringii Lbowcontig_120068030
Lbowcontig_120068040 leucobryum_bowringii Lbowcontig_120068040
Lbowcontig_120071810 leucobryum_bowringii Lbowcontig_120071810
Lbowcontig_160129670 leucobryum_bowringii Lbowcontig_160129670
Lbowcontig_200174510 leucobryum_bowringii Lbowcontig_200174510
Lbowcontig_200187550 leucobryum_bowringii Lbowcontig_200187550
Lbowcontig_200199530 leucobryum_bowringii Lbowcontig_200199530
Lbowcontig_200199590 leucobryum_bowringii Lbowcontig_200199590
Lbowcontig_200201040 leucobryum_bowringii Lbowcontig_200201040
Lbowcontig_40249320 leucobryum_bowringii Lbowcontig_40249320
Lbowcontig_90359760 leucobryum_bowringii Lbowcontig_90359760
Lbowcontig_90361830 leucobryum_bowringii Lbowcontig_90361830
Lusiscaffold10170004510.1 linum_usitatissimum Lusiscaffold10170004510.1
Lusiscaffold12160033690.1 linum_usitatissimum Lusiscaffold12160033690.1
Lusiscaffold21030121920.1 linum_usitatissimum Lusiscaffold21030121920.1
Lusiscaffold2670155680.1 linum_usitatissimum Lusiscaffold2670155680.1
Lusiscaffold6170338770.1 linum_usitatissimum Lusiscaffold6170338770.1
Lusiscaffold6180340680.1 linum_usitatissimum Lusiscaffold6180340680.1
Lusiscaffold860398530.1 linum_usitatissimum Lusiscaffold860398530.1
LchiScaffold11380020480 liriodendron_chinense LchiScaffold11380020480
LchiScaffold1580076120 liriodendron_chinense LchiScaffold1580076120
LchiScaffold17070086580 liriodendron_chinense LchiScaffold17070086580
LchiScaffold20300117400 liriodendron_chinense LchiScaffold20300117400
LchiScaffold2700154810 liriodendron_chinense LchiScaffold2700154810
LchiScaffold280161000 liriodendron_chinense LchiScaffold280161000
LchiScaffold4160227250 liriodendron_chinense LchiScaffold4160227250
LchiScaffold5260259720 liriodendron_chinense LchiScaffold5260259720
LchiScaffold5800270800 liriodendron_chinense LchiScaffold5800270800
litchi_chinensis_LITCHI018600.m1 litchi_chinensis litchi_chinensis_LITCHI018600.m1