PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
PAL

PAL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family PAL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 752 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 7015 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 7015 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 7015 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
avicennia_marina_AM_26386 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_26386
AfilAzfi_s00090031670 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s00090031670
AfilAzfi_s00090032000 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s00090032000
AfilAzfi_s00630081850 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s00630081850
AfilAzfi_s00630081880 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s00630081880
AfilAzfi_s00960103610 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s00960103610
AfilAzfi_s01200116620 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s01200116620
AfilAzfi_s01230117470 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s01230117470
AfilAzfi_s01630128700 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s01630128700
AfilAzfi_s02050137960 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s02050137960
balanophora_fungosa_var._globosa_BALA03917 balanophora_fungosa_var_globosa balanophora_fungosa_var._globosa_BALA03917
balanophora_fungosa_var._globosa_BALA11416 balanophora_fungosa_var_globosa balanophora_fungosa_var._globosa_BALA11416
balanophora_subcupularis_BAL10007 balanophora_subcupularis balanophora_subcupularis_BAL10007
BAvulContig12760026930.1 barbarea_vulgaris BAvulContig12760026930.1
BAvulContig4560166950.1 barbarea_vulgaris BAvulContig4560166950.1
BAvulContig47160170590.1 barbarea_vulgaris BAvulContig47160170590.1
BAvulContig49580175120.1 barbarea_vulgaris BAvulContig49580175120.1
BAvulContig8090234640.1 barbarea_vulgaris BAvulContig8090234640.1
BAvulContig8090234650.1 barbarea_vulgaris BAvulContig8090234650.1
BAampscaffold_100011790 barbula_amplexifolia BAampscaffold_100011790
BAampscaffold_100019130 barbula_amplexifolia BAampscaffold_100019130
BAampscaffold_100023310 barbula_amplexifolia BAampscaffold_100023310
BAampscaffold_100023340 barbula_amplexifolia BAampscaffold_100023340
BAampscaffold_100023370 barbula_amplexifolia BAampscaffold_100023370
BAampscaffold_100023390 barbula_amplexifolia BAampscaffold_100023390
BAampscaffold_100030090 barbula_amplexifolia BAampscaffold_100030090
BAampscaffold_100030100 barbula_amplexifolia BAampscaffold_100030100
BAampscaffold_100030130 barbula_amplexifolia BAampscaffold_100030130
BAampscaffold_100030140 barbula_amplexifolia BAampscaffold_100030140
BAampscaffold_100030220 barbula_amplexifolia BAampscaffold_100030220