PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
PAL

PAL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family PAL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 752 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 7015 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 7015 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 7015 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
bauhinia_variegata_KAI4346320.1 bauhinia_variegata bauhinia_variegata_KAI4346320.1
bauhinia_variegata_KAI4346321.1 bauhinia_variegata bauhinia_variegata_KAI4346321.1
bauhinia_variegata_KAI4346322.1 bauhinia_variegata bauhinia_variegata_KAI4346322.1
bauhinia_variegata_KAI4349141.1 bauhinia_variegata bauhinia_variegata_KAI4349141.1
bauhinia_variegata_KAI4349142.1 bauhinia_variegata bauhinia_variegata_KAI4349142.1
bauhinia_variegata_KAI4351412.1 bauhinia_variegata bauhinia_variegata_KAI4351412.1
bauhinia_variegata_KAI4357573.1 bauhinia_variegata bauhinia_variegata_KAI4357573.1
Btri1258960064220 bazzania_tridens Btri1258960064220
Btri1274950109430 bazzania_tridens Btri1274950109430
Btri1284290172590 bazzania_tridens Btri1284290172590
Btri1288770213300 bazzania_tridens Btri1288770213300
Btri1292920220020 bazzania_tridens Btri1292920220020
Btri960480261890 bazzania_tridens Btri960480261890
Bfucscaffold1165_cov1560030370 begonia_fuchsioides Bfucscaffold1165_cov1560030370
Bfucscaffold13442_cov1430054810 begonia_fuchsioides Bfucscaffold13442_cov1430054810
Bfucscaffold1480_cov1460076410 begonia_fuchsioides Bfucscaffold1480_cov1460076410
Bfucscaffold1504_cov1440086530 begonia_fuchsioides Bfucscaffold1504_cov1440086530
Bfucscaffold169_cov1370114980 begonia_fuchsioides Bfucscaffold169_cov1370114980
Bfucscaffold20349_cov1400154050 begonia_fuchsioides Bfucscaffold20349_cov1400154050
Bfucscaffold2194_cov1840168070 begonia_fuchsioides Bfucscaffold2194_cov1840168070
Bfucscaffold2531_cov1410205360 begonia_fuchsioides Bfucscaffold2531_cov1410205360
Bfucscaffold3799_cov1270292580 begonia_fuchsioides Bfucscaffold3799_cov1270292580
Bfucscaffold41927_cov2290318390 begonia_fuchsioides Bfucscaffold41927_cov2290318390
Bfucscaffold41927_cov2290318430 begonia_fuchsioides Bfucscaffold41927_cov2290318430
Bfucscaffold41927_cov2290318450 begonia_fuchsioides Bfucscaffold41927_cov2290318450
Bfucscaffold4459_cov1090332690 begonia_fuchsioides Bfucscaffold4459_cov1090332690
Bfucscaffold62549_cov1560398940 begonia_fuchsioides Bfucscaffold62549_cov1560398940
Bfucscaffold6329_cov1380402220 begonia_fuchsioides Bfucscaffold6329_cov1380402220
Bfucscaffold744_cov1600425060 begonia_fuchsioides Bfucscaffold744_cov1600425060
Bfucscaffold91498_cov1400488400 begonia_fuchsioides Bfucscaffold91498_cov1400488400