PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
PAL

PAL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family PAL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 752 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 7015 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 7015 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 7015 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Bfucscaffold988_cov1640513630 begonia_fuchsioides Bfucscaffold988_cov1640513630
Bhis01G0028510.1 benincasa_hispida Bhis01G0028510.1
Bhis01G0028520.1 benincasa_hispida Bhis01G0028520.1
Bhis01G0029100.1 benincasa_hispida Bhis01G0029100.1
Bhis01G0029110.1 benincasa_hispida Bhis01G0029110.1
Bhis01G0029120.1 benincasa_hispida Bhis01G0029120.1
Bhis02G0015320.1 benincasa_hispida Bhis02G0015320.1
Bhis03G0006300.1 benincasa_hispida Bhis03G0006300.1
Bhis03G0012210.1 benincasa_hispida Bhis03G0012210.1
Bhis03G0012220.1 benincasa_hispida Bhis03G0012220.1
Bhis03G0012230.1 benincasa_hispida Bhis03G0012230.1
Bhis03G0012240.1 benincasa_hispida Bhis03G0012240.1
Bhis03G0012250.1 benincasa_hispida Bhis03G0012250.1
Bhis03G0012260.1 benincasa_hispida Bhis03G0012260.1
Bhis03G0012270.1 benincasa_hispida Bhis03G0012270.1
Bhis04G0010800.1 benincasa_hispida Bhis04G0010800.1
Bhis10G0004320.1 benincasa_hispida Bhis10G0004320.1
BhisGWHAAAR000004920011360.1 benincasa_hispida BhisGWHAAAR000004920011360.1
BhisGWHAAAR000011620013180.1 benincasa_hispida BhisGWHAAAR000011620013180.1
Bpatpat_scaffold3620187500.1 beta_patula Bpatpat_scaffold3620187500.1
BEvul07G0008340.1 beta_vulgaris BEvul07G0008340.1
BpenContig00001590.1 betula_pendula BpenContig00001590.1
BpenContig11650023140.1 betula_pendula BpenContig11650023140.1
BpenContig11650023150.1 betula_pendula BpenContig11650023150.1
BpenContig14720055830.1 betula_pendula BpenContig14720055830.1
BpenContig420176930.1 betula_pendula BpenContig420176930.1
BpenContig420176940.1 betula_pendula BpenContig420176940.1
BpenContig510202730.1 betula_pendula BpenContig510202730.1
BpenContig510202740.1 betula_pendula BpenContig510202740.1
BpenContig510202750.1 betula_pendula BpenContig510202750.1