PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
PAL

PAL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family PAL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 752 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 7015 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 7015 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 7015 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Fjavscaffold_50190100 fissidens_javanicus Fjavscaffold_50190100
Fjavscaffold_60216610 fissidens_javanicus Fjavscaffold_60216610
Fontinalis1914920001330 fontinalis Fontinalis1914920001330
Fontinalis1916590001670 fontinalis Fontinalis1916590001670
Fontinalis2514400013810 fontinalis Fontinalis2514400013810
Fontinalis2644740024940 fontinalis Fontinalis2644740024940
Fontinalis2722760042760 fontinalis Fontinalis2722760042760
Fontinalis2788190104900 fontinalis Fontinalis2788190104900
Fontinalis2791470109940 fontinalis Fontinalis2791470109940
Fontinalis2809050151170 fontinalis Fontinalis2809050151170
Fontinalis2820500183260 fontinalis Fontinalis2820500183260
Fontinalis2820790184560 fontinalis Fontinalis2820790184560
Fontinalis2836110236120 fontinalis Fontinalis2836110236120
Fant1530710013940.1 fontinalis_antipyretica Fant1530710013940.1
Fant1703950033920.1 fontinalis_antipyretica Fant1703950033920.1
Fant1734210046670.1 fontinalis_antipyretica Fant1734210046670.1
Fant1789120106710.1 fontinalis_antipyretica Fant1789120106710.1
Fant1792110113120.1 fontinalis_antipyretica Fant1792110113120.1
Fant1792110113130.1 fontinalis_antipyretica Fant1792110113130.1
Fant1792110113140.1 fontinalis_antipyretica Fant1792110113140.1
Fant1796740121650.1 fontinalis_antipyretica Fant1796740121650.1
Fant1798630125650.1 fontinalis_antipyretica Fant1798630125650.1
Fant1802120133250.1 fontinalis_antipyretica Fant1802120133250.1
Fant1809250148810.1 fontinalis_antipyretica Fant1809250148810.1
Fant1809960150480.1 fontinalis_antipyretica Fant1809960150480.1
Fant1810240151200.1 fontinalis_antipyretica Fant1810240151200.1
Fsul1914920001330 fontinalis_sullivantii Fsul1914920001330
Fsul1916590001670 fontinalis_sullivantii Fsul1916590001670
Fsul2514400013810 fontinalis_sullivantii Fsul2514400013810
Fsul2644740024940 fontinalis_sullivantii Fsul2644740024940