PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Flavonoid portable pathway

Flavonoid portable pathway

Category：Flavonoid pathway

Flavonoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Flavonoid Reaction Route
Phenylpropanoid entry, flavonoid scaffold, and anthocyanin branches. The flavonoid pathway is branched; this view arranges the main scaffold and common branches into a readable representative route without forcing all branches into one linear pathway.
9 curated steps/modules
From Phenylpropanoid Entry To Flavonoid Scaffold
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to the cinnamate entry point
PAL17666
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits L-phenylalanine to the phenylpropanoid entry route that supplies the flavonoid acyl donor.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of cinnamate
C4H8152
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A hydroxylates cinnamate to p-coumarate, a required phenylpropanoid step toward the flavonoid donor.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation to form the flavonoid acyl donor
4CL30427
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL activates p-coumarate to p-coumaroyl-CoA for CHS-mediated flavonoid scaffold formation.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Substrate
Malonyl-CoA
C24H38N7O19P3S
HOOC-CH2-C(=O)-SCoA
Condensation of the C6-C3-C6 scaffold
CHS6480
Product
Naringenin chalcone
C15H12O5
HO-Ar-CO-CH=CH-Ar-(OH)2
CHS condenses one p-coumaroyl-CoA with three malonyl-CoA units to form a chalcone scaffold.
05
Substrate
Naringenin chalcone
C15H12O5
HO-Ar-CO-CH=CH-Ar-(OH)2
Chalcone cyclization
CHI11220
Product
Naringenin
C15H12O5
flavanone C6-C3-C6 ring
CHI converts the open-chain chalcone into the flavanone core.
06
Substrate
Naringenin
C15H12O5
flavanone C6-C3-C6 ring
C-ring 3-hydroxylation to dihydroflavonols
F3H15314
Product
Dihydrokaempferol
C15H12O6
dihydroflavonol C-ring
F3H is a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase that converts flavanones into the dihydroflavonol pool.
07
Substrate
Flavanones/dihydroflavonols
C15H12O5-6
C6-C3-C6 oxygen heterocycle
B-ring hydroxylation shapes flavonoid hydroxylation patterns
F3'H/CYP75B9515 F3'5'H/CYP75A1961
Product
B-ring hydroxylated flavonoid intermediates
C15H12O6-7
3'/3'5'-hydroxylated flavonoids
CYP75B/F3'H and CYP75A/F3'5'H alter B-ring hydroxylation and generate precursors for quercetin- and myricetin-type branches.
Flavone, Anthocyanin, And Proanthocyanidin Branches
08
Substrate
Flavanones/dihydroflavonols
C15 flavonoids
C6-C3-C6 oxygen heterocycle
Flavone, isoflavonoid, and flavonol branches
FNS360 IFS221 IFR8467 FLS62
Product
Flavones/isoflavones/flavonols
C15H10O5-7
oxidized C6-C3-C6 flavonoids
Branch enzymes route shared intermediates into distinct flavonoid subclasses.
09
Substrate
Dihydroflavonols
C15H12O6-7
dihydroflavonol C-ring
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin direction
DFR3230 ANS/LDOX8280 UFGT81370 ANR598
Product
Anthocyanin glycosides/proanthocyanidins
C15 glycosides/polymers
flavylium-glycoside / flavan-3-ol polymer
DFR/ANS/UFGT/ANR route the dihydroflavonol pool toward pigments and condensed tannins.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Eudicots (203323)
Current lineage filter: Eudicots. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Algae
Hits0
Bryophytes
Hits0
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits0
Gymnosperms
Hits0
Basal angiosperms
Hits0
Monocots
Hits0
Eudicots
Hits203323
Species Distribution
Chrysanthemum seticuspe
Fragaria ananassa
Diospyros kaki
Begonia fuchsioides
Cajanus cajan
Gossypium tomentosum
Gossypium hirsutum
Brassica carinata
Actinidia zhejiangensis
Camelina sativa
Lineage Summary
Eudicots
203323
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr11.1543 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr11.1543
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr11.1687 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr11.1687
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr11.1811 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr11.1811
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr11.1812 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr11.1812
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr11.1958 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr11.1958
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr11.2 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr11.2
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr11.2277 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr11.2277
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr11.2337 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr11.2337
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr11.782 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr11.782
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.1336 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.1336
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.1435 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.1435
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.1540 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.1540
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.1575 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.1575
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.1584 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.1584
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.1745 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.1745
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.177 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.177
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.1969 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.1969
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.275 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.275
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.276 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.276
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.582 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.582
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.583 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.583
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.698 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.698
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.710 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.710
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.896 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.896
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.897 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr12.897
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr13.1147 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr13.1147
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr13.1152 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr13.1152
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr13.1157_Atru.chr13.1155 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr13.1157_Atru.chr13.1155
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr13.1160 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr13.1160
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr13.1163 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr13.1163