PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Category：Phenylpropanoid pathway

Phenylpropanoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Phenylpropanoid Reaction Route
Entry backbone to monolignol/lignin branches. Substrates, products, and condensed structural formulae show representative conversions; resolved reactions are shown as single enzymes, whereas multi-enzyme branches are shown as curated modules. Member counts come from public annotations.
6 curated steps/modules
Entry Backbone And Lignin Direction
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to form the phenylpropene acid scaffold
PAL1910
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits the amino-acid substrate to phenylpropanoid metabolism.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring
C4H401
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A introduces the 4-hydroxyl group for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation and activation
4CL3434
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL converts the free acid into a thioester used by condensation, acyltransfer, and reduction reactions.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Hydroxylation, acyl transfer, and methylation
HCT1920 C3'H/CYP98A1929 CSE2414 CCoAOMT382
Product
Feruloyl-CoA-type intermediates
C31H40N7O19P3S
3-MeO-4-HO-C6H3-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
This segment remodels the p-coumaroyl scaffold into caffeoyl/feruloyl-type intermediates.
05
Substrate
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA
C30-31 CoA thioesters
Ar-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Reduction and S/G monolignol formation
CCR2707 CAD2978 F5H/CYP84A171 COMT1825
Product
Coniferyl/sinapyl alcohol
C10H12O3 / C11H14O4
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
CCR/CAD and related steps route CoA thioesters toward monolignol monomers.
06
Substrate
Monolignols
C9-C11 phenylpropanoids
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
Oxidative coupling and polymerization
LAC3730 POD14559
Product
Lignin polymer
(C9 unit)n
[Ar-C3]n ether/C-C polymer
LAC/POD oxidatively couple monolignols into lignin polymers.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Bryophytes (38360)
Current lineage filter: Bryophytes. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Algae
Hits0
Bryophytes
Hits38360
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits0
Gymnosperms
Hits0
Basal angiosperms
Hits0
Monocots
Hits0
Eudicots
Hits0
Species Distribution
Bryum knowltonii
Anthoceros agrestis Oxford
Anthoceros punctatus
Buxbaumia aphylla
Calliergon cordifolium
Archidium alternifolium
Funaria hygrometrica
Andreaea rupestris
Acrobolbus urvilleanus
Bryoxiphium norvegicum
Lineage Summary
Bryophytes
38360
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Arupctg000657_np121212120025090 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000657_np121212120025090
Arupctg000657_np121212120025870 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000657_np121212120025870
Arupctg000670_np121212120029800 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000670_np121212120029800
Arupctg000670_np121212120030020 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000670_np121212120030020
Arupctg000670_np121212120030050 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000670_np121212120030050
Arupctg000670_np121212120030460 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000670_np121212120030460
Arupctg000670_np121212120030810 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000670_np121212120030810
Arupctg000671_np121212120032080 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000671_np121212120032080
Arupctg000672_np121212120032400 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000672_np121212120032400
Arupctg000684_np121212120033730 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000684_np121212120033730
Arupctg000685_np121212120034240 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000685_np121212120034240
Arupctg000685_np121212120035060 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000685_np121212120035060
Arupctg000690_np121212120036270 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000690_np121212120036270
Arupctg000694_np121212120037530 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000694_np121212120037530
Arupctg000698_np121212120038860 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000698_np121212120038860
Arupctg000698_np121212120038920 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000698_np121212120038920
Arupctg000699_np121212120040290 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000699_np121212120040290
Arupctg000699_np121212120040300 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000699_np121212120040300
Arupctg000699_np121212120040350 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000699_np121212120040350
Arupctg000699_np121212120040390 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000699_np121212120040390
Arupctg000699_np121212120040480 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000699_np121212120040480
Arupctg000699_np121212120040500 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000699_np121212120040500
Arupctg000699_np121212120040530 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000699_np121212120040530
Arupctg000704_np121212120041440 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000704_np121212120041440
Arupctg000704_np121212120041590 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000704_np121212120041590
Arupctg000705_np121212120041880 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000705_np121212120041880
Arupctg000706_np121212120042070 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000706_np121212120042070
Arupctg000707_np121212120042740 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000707_np121212120042740
Arupctg000707_np121212120042750 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000707_np121212120042750
Arupctg000734_np121212120045370 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000734_np121212120045370