PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Category：Phenylpropanoid pathway

Phenylpropanoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Phenylpropanoid Reaction Route
Entry backbone to monolignol/lignin branches. Substrates, products, and condensed structural formulae show representative conversions; resolved reactions are shown as single enzymes, whereas multi-enzyme branches are shown as curated modules. Member counts come from public annotations.
6 curated steps/modules
Entry Backbone And Lignin Direction
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to form the phenylpropene acid scaffold
PAL1910
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits the amino-acid substrate to phenylpropanoid metabolism.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring
C4H401
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A introduces the 4-hydroxyl group for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation and activation
4CL3434
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL converts the free acid into a thioester used by condensation, acyltransfer, and reduction reactions.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Hydroxylation, acyl transfer, and methylation
HCT1920 C3'H/CYP98A1929 CSE2414 CCoAOMT382
Product
Feruloyl-CoA-type intermediates
C31H40N7O19P3S
3-MeO-4-HO-C6H3-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
This segment remodels the p-coumaroyl scaffold into caffeoyl/feruloyl-type intermediates.
05
Substrate
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA
C30-31 CoA thioesters
Ar-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Reduction and S/G monolignol formation
CCR2707 CAD2978 F5H/CYP84A171 COMT1825
Product
Coniferyl/sinapyl alcohol
C10H12O3 / C11H14O4
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
CCR/CAD and related steps route CoA thioesters toward monolignol monomers.
06
Substrate
Monolignols
C9-C11 phenylpropanoids
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
Oxidative coupling and polymerization
LAC3730 POD14559
Product
Lignin polymer
(C9 unit)n
[Ar-C3]n ether/C-C polymer
LAC/POD oxidatively couple monolignols into lignin polymers.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Bryophytes (38360)
Current lineage filter: Bryophytes. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Algae
Hits0
Bryophytes
Hits38360
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits0
Gymnosperms
Hits0
Basal angiosperms
Hits0
Monocots
Hits0
Eudicots
Hits0
Species Distribution
Bryum knowltonii
Anthoceros agrestis Oxford
Anthoceros punctatus
Buxbaumia aphylla
Calliergon cordifolium
Archidium alternifolium
Funaria hygrometrica
Andreaea rupestris
Acrobolbus urvilleanus
Bryoxiphium norvegicum
Lineage Summary
Bryophytes
38360
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Arupctg000736_np121212120045980 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000736_np121212120045980
Arupctg000750_np121212120049460 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000750_np121212120049460
Arupctg000750_np121212120049700 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000750_np121212120049700
Arupctg000765_np121212120051090 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000765_np121212120051090
Arupctg000765_np121212120051300 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000765_np121212120051300
Arupctg000771_np121212120052750 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000771_np121212120052750
Arupctg000789_np121212120055010 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000789_np121212120055010
Arupctg000789_np121212120055020 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000789_np121212120055020
Arupctg000802_np121212120055450 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000802_np121212120055450
Arupctg000805_np121212120056060 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000805_np121212120056060
Arupctg000809_np121212120058240 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000809_np121212120058240
Arupctg000818_np121212120062310 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000818_np121212120062310
Arupctg000830_np121212120065420 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000830_np121212120065420
Arupctg000854_np121212120069940 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000854_np121212120069940
Arupctg000868_np121212120070840 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000868_np121212120070840
Arupctg000868_np121212120070870 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000868_np121212120070870
Arupctg000873_np121212120072870 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000873_np121212120072870
Arupctg000873_np121212120073240 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000873_np121212120073240
Arupctg000881_np121212120074250 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000881_np121212120074250
Arupctg000882_np121212120074810 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000882_np121212120074810
Arupctg000883_np121212120075750 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000883_np121212120075750
Arupctg000884_np121212120076010 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000884_np121212120076010
Arupctg000884_np121212120076690 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000884_np121212120076690
Arupctg000884_np121212120077770 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000884_np121212120077770
Arupctg000894_np121212120080600 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000894_np121212120080600
Arupctg000903_np121212120082780 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000903_np121212120082780
Arupctg000904_np121212120082930 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000904_np121212120082930
Arupctg000904_np121212120082980 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000904_np121212120082980
Arupctg000904_np121212120083000 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000904_np121212120083000
Arupctg000906_np121212120084660 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000906_np121212120084660