PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Category：Phenylpropanoid pathway

Phenylpropanoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Phenylpropanoid Reaction Route
Entry backbone to monolignol/lignin branches. Substrates, products, and condensed structural formulae show representative conversions; resolved reactions are shown as single enzymes, whereas multi-enzyme branches are shown as curated modules. Member counts come from public annotations.
6 curated steps/modules
Entry Backbone And Lignin Direction
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to form the phenylpropene acid scaffold
PAL1910
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits the amino-acid substrate to phenylpropanoid metabolism.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring
C4H401
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A introduces the 4-hydroxyl group for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation and activation
4CL3434
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL converts the free acid into a thioester used by condensation, acyltransfer, and reduction reactions.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Hydroxylation, acyl transfer, and methylation
HCT1920 C3'H/CYP98A1929 CSE2414 CCoAOMT382
Product
Feruloyl-CoA-type intermediates
C31H40N7O19P3S
3-MeO-4-HO-C6H3-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
This segment remodels the p-coumaroyl scaffold into caffeoyl/feruloyl-type intermediates.
05
Substrate
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA
C30-31 CoA thioesters
Ar-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Reduction and S/G monolignol formation
CCR2707 CAD2978 F5H/CYP84A171 COMT1825
Product
Coniferyl/sinapyl alcohol
C10H12O3 / C11H14O4
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
CCR/CAD and related steps route CoA thioesters toward monolignol monomers.
06
Substrate
Monolignols
C9-C11 phenylpropanoids
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
Oxidative coupling and polymerization
LAC3730 POD14559
Product
Lignin polymer
(C9 unit)n
[Ar-C3]n ether/C-C polymer
LAC/POD oxidatively couple monolignols into lignin polymers.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Bryophytes (38360)
Current lineage filter: Bryophytes. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Algae
Hits0
Bryophytes
Hits38360
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits0
Gymnosperms
Hits0
Basal angiosperms
Hits0
Monocots
Hits0
Eudicots
Hits0
Species Distribution
Bryum knowltonii
Anthoceros agrestis Oxford
Anthoceros punctatus
Buxbaumia aphylla
Calliergon cordifolium
Archidium alternifolium
Funaria hygrometrica
Andreaea rupestris
Acrobolbus urvilleanus
Bryoxiphium norvegicum
Lineage Summary
Bryophytes
38360
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Arupctg001168_np121212120119280 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001168_np121212120119280
Arupctg001168_np121212120119380 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001168_np121212120119380
Arupctg001170_np121212120120070 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001170_np121212120120070
Arupctg001170_np121212120120100 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001170_np121212120120100
Arupctg001178_np121212120122150 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001178_np121212120122150
Arupctg001185_np121212120122510 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001185_np121212120122510
Arupctg001197_np121212120122880 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001197_np121212120122880
Arupctg001197_np121212120123260 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001197_np121212120123260
Arupctg001215_np121212120125000 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001215_np121212120125000
Arupctg001250_np121212120126920 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001250_np121212120126920
Arupctg001250_np121212120126990 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001250_np121212120126990
Arupctg001250_np121212120127140 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001250_np121212120127140
Arupctg001251_np121212120127850 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001251_np121212120127850
Arupctg001253_np121212120129000 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001253_np121212120129000
Arupctg001253_np121212120129010 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001253_np121212120129010
Arupctg001253_np121212120129030 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001253_np121212120129030
Arupctg001264_np121212120129490 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001264_np121212120129490
Arupctg001264_np121212120129500 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001264_np121212120129500
Arupctg001269_np121212120131070 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001269_np121212120131070
Arupctg001274_np121212120131390 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001274_np121212120131390
Arupctg001274_np121212120131640 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001274_np121212120131640
Arupctg001283_np121212120133350 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001283_np121212120133350
Arupctg001284_np121212120134400 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001284_np121212120134400
Arupctg001284_np121212120134420 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001284_np121212120134420
Arupctg001284_np121212120134620 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001284_np121212120134620
Arupctg001285_np121212120134660 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001285_np121212120134660
Arupctg001285_np121212120134790 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001285_np121212120134790
Arupctg001286_np121212120136360 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001286_np121212120136360
Arupctg001292_np121212120136650 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001292_np121212120136650
Arupctg001298_np121212120138550 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001298_np121212120138550