Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route

Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.

7 curated steps/modules

Phenylalanine Donor Branch

Substrate

L-Phenylalanine

C₉H₁₁NO₂

C₆H₅-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch

PAL7015

Product

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.

Substrate

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation

C4H48992

Product

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.

Substrate

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

Substrate

CoA

C₂₁H₃₆N₇O₁₆P₃S

CoA-SH

CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor

4CL25914

Product

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.

Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation

Substrate

L-Tyrosine

C₉H₁₁NO₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

TAT14219

Product

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

Reduction to the HPLA acceptor

HPPR5065

Product

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

Ester-forming condensation

RAS13433

Product

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH₂-Ar-OH

RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

mono-catechol ester precursor

CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support

CPR5870

Product

Rosmarinic acid

C₁₈H₁₆O₈

caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate

CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.

Lineage Distribution

Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.

All Lineages Algae (388) Bryophytes (9418) Lycophytes/Ferns (423) Gymnosperms (1285) Basal angiosperms (2118) Monocots (23710) Eudicots (83094)

Species Distribution

Lineage Summary

Module Gene List

Gene	Species	Protein ID
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001228	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001228
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001231	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001231
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001307	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001307
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001452	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001452
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001598	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001598
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001599	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001599
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001600	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001600
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001601	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001601
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001602	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001602
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001603	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001603
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001604	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001604
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001605	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001605
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001606	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001606
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001610	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001610
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001623	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001623
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001624	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001624
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001625	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001625
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001648	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001648
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001649	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001649
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001650	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001650
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001651	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001651
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001724	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001724
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001792	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001792
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001869	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001869
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001966	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL001966
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002124	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002124
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002238	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002238
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002240	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002240
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002245	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002245
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002316	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002316