Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route

Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.

7 curated steps/modules

Phenylalanine Donor Branch

Substrate

L-Phenylalanine

C₉H₁₁NO₂

C₆H₅-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch

PAL7015

Product

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.

Substrate

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation

C4H48992

Product

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.

Substrate

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

Substrate

CoA

C₂₁H₃₆N₇O₁₆P₃S

CoA-SH

CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor

4CL25914

Product

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.

Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation

Substrate

L-Tyrosine

C₉H₁₁NO₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

TAT14219

Product

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

Reduction to the HPLA acceptor

HPPR5065

Product

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

Ester-forming condensation

RAS13433

Product

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH₂-Ar-OH

RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

mono-catechol ester precursor

CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support

CPR5870

Product

Rosmarinic acid

C₁₈H₁₆O₈

caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate

CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.

Lineage Distribution

Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.

All Lineages Algae (388) Bryophytes (9418) Lycophytes/Ferns (423) Gymnosperms (1285) Basal angiosperms (2118) Monocots (23710) Eudicots (83094)

Species Distribution

Lineage Summary

Module Gene List

Gene	Species	Protein ID
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002346	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002346
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002347	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002347
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002352	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002352
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002755	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002755
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002792	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002792
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002793	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL002793
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003104	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003104
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003287	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003287
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003457	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003457
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003459	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003459
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003530	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003530
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003566	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003566
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003592	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003592
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003605	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003605
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003609	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003609
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003610	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003610
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003781	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003781
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003838	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL003838
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL004174	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL004174
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL004422	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL004422
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL004457	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL004457
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL004533	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL004533
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL004593	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL004593
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL004746	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL004746
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL004912	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL004912
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL004913	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL004913
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL004967	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL004967
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL004971	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL004971
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005031	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005031
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005194	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005194