Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route

Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.

7 curated steps/modules

Phenylalanine Donor Branch

Substrate

L-Phenylalanine

C₉H₁₁NO₂

C₆H₅-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch

PAL7015

Product

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.

Substrate

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation

C4H48992

Product

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.

Substrate

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

Substrate

CoA

C₂₁H₃₆N₇O₁₆P₃S

CoA-SH

CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor

4CL25914

Product

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.

Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation

Substrate

L-Tyrosine

C₉H₁₁NO₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

TAT14219

Product

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

Reduction to the HPLA acceptor

HPPR5065

Product

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

Ester-forming condensation

RAS13433

Product

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH₂-Ar-OH

RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

mono-catechol ester precursor

CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support

CPR5870

Product

Rosmarinic acid

C₁₈H₁₆O₈

caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate

CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.

Lineage Distribution

Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.

All Lineages Algae (388) Bryophytes (9418) Lycophytes/Ferns (423) Gymnosperms (1285) Basal angiosperms (2118) Monocots (23710) Eudicots (83094)

Species Distribution

Lineage Summary

Module Gene List

Gene	Species	Protein ID
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005197	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005197
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005208	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005208
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005209	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005209
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005253	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005253
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005257	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005257
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005258	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005258
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005298	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005298
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005299	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005299
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005302	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005302
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005303	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005303
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005431	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005431
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005495	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005495
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005657	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005657
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005676	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005676
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005686	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005686
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005710	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005710
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005711	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005711
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005736	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005736
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005776	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005776
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005931	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005931
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005965	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005965
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005968	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005968
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005994	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005994
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005997	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005997
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005998	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005998
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005999	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL005999
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006146	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006146
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006161	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006161
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006209	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006209
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006291	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006291