Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route

Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.

7 curated steps/modules

Phenylalanine Donor Branch

Substrate

L-Phenylalanine

C₉H₁₁NO₂

C₆H₅-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch

PAL7015

Product

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.

Substrate

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation

C4H48992

Product

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.

Substrate

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

Substrate

CoA

C₂₁H₃₆N₇O₁₆P₃S

CoA-SH

CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor

4CL25914

Product

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.

Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation

Substrate

L-Tyrosine

C₉H₁₁NO₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

TAT14219

Product

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

Reduction to the HPLA acceptor

HPPR5065

Product

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

Ester-forming condensation

RAS13433

Product

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH₂-Ar-OH

RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

mono-catechol ester precursor

CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support

CPR5870

Product

Rosmarinic acid

C₁₈H₁₆O₈

caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate

CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.

Lineage Distribution

Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.

All Lineages Algae (388) Bryophytes (9418) Lycophytes/Ferns (423) Gymnosperms (1285) Basal angiosperms (2118) Monocots (23710) Eudicots (83094)

Species Distribution

Lineage Summary

Module Gene List

Gene	Species	Protein ID
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006292	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006292
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006314	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006314
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006315	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006315
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006316	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006316
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006318	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006318
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006424	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006424
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006542	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006542
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006545	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006545
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006581	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006581
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006636	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006636
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006817	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006817
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006841	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006841
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006944	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL006944
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL007316	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL007316
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL007320	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL007320
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL007474	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL007474
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL007590	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL007590
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL007591	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL007591
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL007925	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL007925
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008176	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008176
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008303	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008303
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008304	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008304
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008305	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008305
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008306	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008306
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008307	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008307
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008308	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008308
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008310	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008310
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008311	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008311
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008312	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008312
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008315	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008315