Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route

Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.

7 curated steps/modules

Phenylalanine Donor Branch

Substrate

L-Phenylalanine

C₉H₁₁NO₂

C₆H₅-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch

PAL7015

Product

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.

Substrate

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation

C4H48992

Product

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.

Substrate

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

Substrate

CoA

C₂₁H₃₆N₇O₁₆P₃S

CoA-SH

CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor

4CL25914

Product

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.

Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation

Substrate

L-Tyrosine

C₉H₁₁NO₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

TAT14219

Product

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

Reduction to the HPLA acceptor

HPPR5065

Product

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

Ester-forming condensation

RAS13433

Product

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH₂-Ar-OH

RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

mono-catechol ester precursor

CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support

CPR5870

Product

Rosmarinic acid

C₁₈H₁₆O₈

caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate

CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.

Lineage Distribution

Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.

All Lineages Algae (388) Bryophytes (9418) Lycophytes/Ferns (423) Gymnosperms (1285) Basal angiosperms (2118) Monocots (23710) Eudicots (83094)

Species Distribution

Lineage Summary

Module Gene List

Gene	Species	Protein ID
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008316	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008316
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008407	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008407
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008575	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008575
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008599	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008599
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008783	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008783
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008869	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008869
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008983	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008983
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008984	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008984
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008985	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL008985
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009115	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009115
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009160	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009160
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009378	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009378
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009454	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009454
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009499	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009499
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009551	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009551
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009553	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009553
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009555	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009555
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009621	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009621
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009622	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009622
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009651	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009651
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009737	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009737
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009783	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009783
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009790	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009790
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009981	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009981
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009986	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL009986
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010170	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010170
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010212	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010212
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010213	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010213
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010238	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010238
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010312	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010312