Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route

Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.

7 curated steps/modules

Phenylalanine Donor Branch

Substrate

L-Phenylalanine

C₉H₁₁NO₂

C₆H₅-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch

PAL7015

Product

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.

Substrate

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation

C4H48992

Product

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.

Substrate

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

Substrate

CoA

C₂₁H₃₆N₇O₁₆P₃S

CoA-SH

CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor

4CL25914

Product

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.

Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation

Substrate

L-Tyrosine

C₉H₁₁NO₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

TAT14219

Product

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

Reduction to the HPLA acceptor

HPPR5065

Product

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

Ester-forming condensation

RAS13433

Product

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH₂-Ar-OH

RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

mono-catechol ester precursor

CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support

CPR5870

Product

Rosmarinic acid

C₁₈H₁₆O₈

caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate

CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.

Lineage Distribution

Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.

All Lineages Algae (388) Bryophytes (9418) Lycophytes/Ferns (423) Gymnosperms (1285) Basal angiosperms (2118) Monocots (23710) Eudicots (83094)

Species Distribution

Lineage Summary

Module Gene List

Gene	Species	Protein ID
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010315	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010315
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010382	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010382
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010385	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010385
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010447	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010447
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010481	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010481
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010647	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010647
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010648	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010648
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010650	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010650
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010652	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010652
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010653	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010653
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010664	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010664
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010746	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010746
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010924	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010924
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010928	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010928
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010979	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010979
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010980	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL010980
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011058	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011058
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011060	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011060
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011061	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011061
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011076	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011076
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011205	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011205
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011246	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011246
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011250	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011250
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011293	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011293
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011295	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011295
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011480	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011480
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011481	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011481
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011533	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011533
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011579	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011579
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011795	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011795