Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route

Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.

7 curated steps/modules

Phenylalanine Donor Branch

Substrate

L-Phenylalanine

C₉H₁₁NO₂

C₆H₅-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch

PAL7015

Product

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.

Substrate

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation

C4H48992

Product

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.

Substrate

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

Substrate

CoA

C₂₁H₃₆N₇O₁₆P₃S

CoA-SH

CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor

4CL25914

Product

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.

Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation

Substrate

L-Tyrosine

C₉H₁₁NO₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

TAT14219

Product

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

Reduction to the HPLA acceptor

HPPR5065

Product

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

Ester-forming condensation

RAS13433

Product

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH₂-Ar-OH

RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

mono-catechol ester precursor

CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support

CPR5870

Product

Rosmarinic acid

C₁₈H₁₆O₈

caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate

CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.

Lineage Distribution

Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.

All Lineages Algae (388) Bryophytes (9418) Lycophytes/Ferns (423) Gymnosperms (1285) Basal angiosperms (2118) Monocots (23710) Eudicots (83094)

Species Distribution

Lineage Summary

Module Gene List

Gene	Species	Protein ID
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011809	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011809
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011985	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL011985
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012114	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012114
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012132	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012132
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012134	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012134
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012140	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012140
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012186	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012186
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012192	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012192
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012195	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012195
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012211	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012211
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012432	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012432
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012449	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012449
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012452	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012452
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012453	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012453
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012580	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012580
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012581	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012581
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012648	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012648
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012773	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012773
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012775	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012775
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012787	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012787
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012821	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012821
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012862	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012862
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012891	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012891
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012975	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL012975
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013551	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013551
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013552	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013552
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013629	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013629
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013630	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013630
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013765	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013765
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013768	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013768