Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route

Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.

7 curated steps/modules

Phenylalanine Donor Branch

Substrate

L-Phenylalanine

C₉H₁₁NO₂

C₆H₅-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch

PAL7015

Product

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.

Substrate

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation

C4H48992

Product

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.

Substrate

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

Substrate

CoA

C₂₁H₃₆N₇O₁₆P₃S

CoA-SH

CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor

4CL25914

Product

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.

Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation

Substrate

L-Tyrosine

C₉H₁₁NO₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

TAT14219

Product

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

Reduction to the HPLA acceptor

HPPR5065

Product

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

Ester-forming condensation

RAS13433

Product

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH₂-Ar-OH

RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

mono-catechol ester precursor

CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support

CPR5870

Product

Rosmarinic acid

C₁₈H₁₆O₈

caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate

CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.

Lineage Distribution

Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.

All Lineages Algae (388) Bryophytes (9418) Lycophytes/Ferns (423) Gymnosperms (1285) Basal angiosperms (2118) Monocots (23710) Eudicots (83094)

Species Distribution

Lineage Summary

Module Gene List

Gene	Species	Protein ID
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013769	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013769
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013775	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013775
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013782	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013782
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013783	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013783
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013786	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL013786
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL014033	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL014033
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL014038	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL014038
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL014040	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL014040
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL014042	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL014042
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL014048	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL014048
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL014076	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL014076
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL014132	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL014132
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL014807	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL014807
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL014833	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL014833
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL014986	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL014986
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015166	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015166
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015170	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015170
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015386	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015386
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015569	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015569
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015632	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015632
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015634	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015634
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015731	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015731
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015768	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015768
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015769	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015769
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015782	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015782
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015787	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015787
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015827	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL015827
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL016254	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL016254
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL016505	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL016505
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL016723	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL016723