Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route

Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.

7 curated steps/modules

Phenylalanine Donor Branch

Substrate

L-Phenylalanine

C₉H₁₁NO₂

C₆H₅-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch

PAL7015

Product

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.

Substrate

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation

C4H48992

Product

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.

Substrate

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

Substrate

CoA

C₂₁H₃₆N₇O₁₆P₃S

CoA-SH

CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor

4CL25914

Product

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.

Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation

Substrate

L-Tyrosine

C₉H₁₁NO₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

TAT14219

Product

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

Reduction to the HPLA acceptor

HPPR5065

Product

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

Ester-forming condensation

RAS13433

Product

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH₂-Ar-OH

RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

mono-catechol ester precursor

CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support

CPR5870

Product

Rosmarinic acid

C₁₈H₁₆O₈

caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate

CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.

Lineage Distribution

Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.

All Lineages Algae (388) Bryophytes (9418) Lycophytes/Ferns (423) Gymnosperms (1285) Basal angiosperms (2118) Monocots (23710) Eudicots (83094)

Species Distribution

Lineage Summary

Module Gene List

Gene	Species	Protein ID
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL016798	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL016798
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL016882	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL016882
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL017209	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL017209
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL017299	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL017299
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL017300	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL017300
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL017452	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL017452
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL017947	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL017947
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL017950	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL017950
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018032	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018032
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018083	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018083
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018084	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018084
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018086	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018086
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018133	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018133
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018138	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018138
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018139	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018139
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018216	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018216
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018260	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018260
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018265	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018265
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018339	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018339
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018340	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018340
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018342	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018342
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018372	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018372
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018421	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018421
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018422	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018422
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018424	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018424
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018511	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018511
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018635	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018635
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018648	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018648
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018820	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018820
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018847	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL018847