Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route

Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.

7 curated steps/modules

Phenylalanine Donor Branch

Substrate

L-Phenylalanine

C₉H₁₁NO₂

C₆H₅-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch

PAL7015

Product

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.

Substrate

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation

C4H48992

Product

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.

Substrate

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

Substrate

CoA

C₂₁H₃₆N₇O₁₆P₃S

CoA-SH

CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor

4CL25914

Product

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.

Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation

Substrate

L-Tyrosine

C₉H₁₁NO₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

TAT14219

Product

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

Reduction to the HPLA acceptor

HPPR5065

Product

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

Ester-forming condensation

RAS13433

Product

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH₂-Ar-OH

RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

mono-catechol ester precursor

CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support

CPR5870

Product

Rosmarinic acid

C₁₈H₁₆O₈

caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate

CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.

Lineage Distribution

Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.

All Lineages Algae (388) Bryophytes (9418) Lycophytes/Ferns (423) Gymnosperms (1285) Basal angiosperms (2118) Monocots (23710) Eudicots (83094)

Species Distribution

Lineage Summary

Module Gene List

Gene	Species	Protein ID
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL051200	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL051200
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL051283	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL051283
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL051542	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL051542
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL051698	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL051698
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL051914	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL051914
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL051979	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL051979
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL052369	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL052369
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL052394	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL052394
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL052417	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL052417
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL052440	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL052440
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL052654	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL052654
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL052655	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL052655
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL053021	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL053021
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL053254	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL053254
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL053717	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL053717
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL053806	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL053806
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL053815	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL053815
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL053876	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL053876
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL053987	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL053987
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL054266	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL054266
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL054875	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL054875
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL054952	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL054952
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL054953	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL054953
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL055430	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL055430
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL055734	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL055734
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL055772	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL055772
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL056003	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL056003
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL056007	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL056007
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL056028	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL056028
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL056118	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL056118