Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route

Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.

7 curated steps/modules

Phenylalanine Donor Branch

Substrate

L-Phenylalanine

C₉H₁₁NO₂

C₆H₅-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch

PAL7015

Product

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.

Substrate

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation

C4H48992

Product

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.

Substrate

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

Substrate

CoA

C₂₁H₃₆N₇O₁₆P₃S

CoA-SH

CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor

4CL25914

Product

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.

Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation

Substrate

L-Tyrosine

C₉H₁₁NO₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

TAT14219

Product

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

Reduction to the HPLA acceptor

HPPR5065

Product

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

Ester-forming condensation

RAS13433

Product

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH₂-Ar-OH

RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

mono-catechol ester precursor

CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support

CPR5870

Product

Rosmarinic acid

C₁₈H₁₆O₈

caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate

CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.

Lineage Distribution

Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.

All Lineages Algae (388) Bryophytes (9418) Lycophytes/Ferns (423) Gymnosperms (1285) Basal angiosperms (2118) Monocots (23710) Eudicots (83094)

Species Distribution

Lineage Summary

Module Gene List

Gene	Species	Protein ID
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL044491	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL044491
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL044612	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL044612
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL044621	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL044621
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL044845	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL044845
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL045286	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL045286
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL045372	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL045372
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL045507	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL045507
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL045889	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL045889
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL045927	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL045927
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL046011	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL046011
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL046045	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL046045
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL046198	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL046198
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL046296	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL046296
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL047400	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL047400
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL047800	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL047800
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL048248	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL048248
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL049278	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL049278
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL049418	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL049418
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL049460	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL049460
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL049489	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL049489
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL049569	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL049569
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL049685	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL049685
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL049771	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL049771
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL049851	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL049851
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL050299	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL050299
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL050504	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL050504
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL050664	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL050664
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL050763	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL050763
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL051079	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL051079
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL051110	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL051110