Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route

Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.

7 curated steps/modules

Phenylalanine Donor Branch

Substrate

L-Phenylalanine

C₉H₁₁NO₂

C₆H₅-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch

PAL7015

Product

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.

Substrate

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation

C4H48992

Product

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.

Substrate

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

Substrate

CoA

C₂₁H₃₆N₇O₁₆P₃S

CoA-SH

CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor

4CL25914

Product

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.

Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation

Substrate

L-Tyrosine

C₉H₁₁NO₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

TAT14219

Product

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

Reduction to the HPLA acceptor

HPPR5065

Product

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

Ester-forming condensation

RAS13433

Product

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH₂-Ar-OH

RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

mono-catechol ester precursor

CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support

CPR5870

Product

Rosmarinic acid

C₁₈H₁₆O₈

caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate

CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.

Lineage Distribution

Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.

All Lineages Algae (388) Bryophytes (9418) Lycophytes/Ferns (423) Gymnosperms (1285) Basal angiosperms (2118) Monocots (23710) Eudicots (83094)

Species Distribution

Lineage Summary

Module Gene List

Gene	Species	Protein ID
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL040353	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL040353
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL040396	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL040396
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL040771	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL040771
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL041526	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL041526
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL041644	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL041644
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL041807	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL041807
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL041887	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL041887
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL041905	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL041905
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042064	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042064
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042102	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042102
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042119	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042119
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042141	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042141
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042180	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042180
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042302	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042302
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042329	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042329
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042359	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042359
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042714	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042714
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042782	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042782
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042794	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL042794
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL043041	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL043041
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL043082	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL043082
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL043098	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL043098
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL043405	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL043405
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL043455	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL043455
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL043459	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL043459
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL044126	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL044126
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL044143	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL044143
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL044255	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL044255
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL044398	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL044398
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL044414	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL044414