Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route

Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.

7 curated steps/modules

Phenylalanine Donor Branch

Substrate

L-Phenylalanine

C₉H₁₁NO₂

C₆H₅-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch

PAL7015

Product

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.

Substrate

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation

C4H48992

Product

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.

Substrate

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

Substrate

CoA

C₂₁H₃₆N₇O₁₆P₃S

CoA-SH

CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor

4CL25914

Product

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.

Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation

Substrate

L-Tyrosine

C₉H₁₁NO₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

TAT14219

Product

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

Reduction to the HPLA acceptor

HPPR5065

Product

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

Ester-forming condensation

RAS13433

Product

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH₂-Ar-OH

RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

mono-catechol ester precursor

CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support

CPR5870

Product

Rosmarinic acid

C₁₈H₁₆O₈

caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate

CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.

Lineage Distribution

Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.

All Lineages Algae (388) Bryophytes (9418) Lycophytes/Ferns (423) Gymnosperms (1285) Basal angiosperms (2118) Monocots (23710) Eudicots (83094)

Species Distribution

Lineage Summary

Module Gene List

Gene	Species	Protein ID
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035707	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035707
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035708	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035708
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035709	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035709
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035755	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035755
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035771	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035771
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035818	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035818
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035819	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035819
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035820	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035820
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035821	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035821
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035822	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035822
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035823	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035823
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035825	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035825
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035826	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035826
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL036081	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL036081
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL036527	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL036527
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL036660	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL036660
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL036737	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL036737
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL037048	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL037048
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL037523	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL037523
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL037753	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL037753
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL038665	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL038665
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL038908	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL038908
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL039017	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL039017
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL039036	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL039036
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL039404	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL039404
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL039547	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL039547
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL040259	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL040259
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL040261	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL040261
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL040325	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL040325
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL040326	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL040326