Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route

Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.

7 curated steps/modules

Phenylalanine Donor Branch

Substrate

L-Phenylalanine

C₉H₁₁NO₂

C₆H₅-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch

PAL7015

Product

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.

Substrate

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation

C4H48992

Product

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.

Substrate

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

Substrate

CoA

C₂₁H₃₆N₇O₁₆P₃S

CoA-SH

CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor

4CL25914

Product

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.

Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation

Substrate

L-Tyrosine

C₉H₁₁NO₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

TAT14219

Product

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

Reduction to the HPLA acceptor

HPPR5065

Product

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

Ester-forming condensation

RAS13433

Product

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH₂-Ar-OH

RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

mono-catechol ester precursor

CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support

CPR5870

Product

Rosmarinic acid

C₁₈H₁₆O₈

caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate

CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.

Lineage Distribution

Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.

All Lineages Algae (388) Bryophytes (9418) Lycophytes/Ferns (423) Gymnosperms (1285) Basal angiosperms (2118) Monocots (23710) Eudicots (83094)

Species Distribution

Lineage Summary

Module Gene List

Gene	Species	Protein ID
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035012	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035012
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035026	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035026
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035030	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035030
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035049	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035049
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035090	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035090
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035099	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035099
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035135	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035135
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035138	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035138
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035209	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035209
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035210	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035210
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035217	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035217
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035223	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035223
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035331	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035331
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035332	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035332
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035424	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035424
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035505	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035505
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035506	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035506
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035598	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035598
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035604	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035604
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035684	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035684
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035686	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035686
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035687	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035687
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035695	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035695
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035696	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035696
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035699	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035699
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035700	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035700
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035701	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035701
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035702	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035702
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035704	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035704
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035706	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL035706