Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route

Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.

7 curated steps/modules

Phenylalanine Donor Branch

Substrate

L-Phenylalanine

C₉H₁₁NO₂

C₆H₅-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch

PAL7015

Product

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.

Substrate

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation

C4H48992

Product

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.

Substrate

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

Substrate

CoA

C₂₁H₃₆N₇O₁₆P₃S

CoA-SH

CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor

4CL25914

Product

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.

Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation

Substrate

L-Tyrosine

C₉H₁₁NO₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

TAT14219

Product

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

Reduction to the HPLA acceptor

HPPR5065

Product

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

Ester-forming condensation

RAS13433

Product

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH₂-Ar-OH

RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

mono-catechol ester precursor

CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support

CPR5870

Product

Rosmarinic acid

C₁₈H₁₆O₈

caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate

CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.

Lineage Distribution

Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.

All Lineages Algae (388) Bryophytes (9418) Lycophytes/Ferns (423) Gymnosperms (1285) Basal angiosperms (2118) Monocots (23710) Eudicots (83094)

Species Distribution

Lineage Summary

Module Gene List

Gene	Species	Protein ID
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032191	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032191
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032193	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032193
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032195	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032195
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032200	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032200
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032499	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032499
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032568	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032568
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032569	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032569
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032570	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032570
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032733	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032733
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032891	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032891
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033156	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033156
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033164	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033164
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033237	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033237
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033279	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033279
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033284	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033284
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033481	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033481
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033568	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033568
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033618	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033618
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033619	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033619
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033622	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033622
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033701	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL033701
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL034100	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL034100
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL034544	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL034544
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL034561	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL034561
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL034661	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL034661
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL034664	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL034664
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL034729	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL034729
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL034734	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL034734
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL034850	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL034850
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL034914	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL034914