Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route

Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.

7 curated steps/modules

Phenylalanine Donor Branch

Substrate

L-Phenylalanine

C₉H₁₁NO₂

C₆H₅-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch

PAL7015

Product

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.

Substrate

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation

C4H48992

Product

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.

Substrate

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

Substrate

CoA

C₂₁H₃₆N₇O₁₆P₃S

CoA-SH

CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor

4CL25914

Product

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.

Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation

Substrate

L-Tyrosine

C₉H₁₁NO₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

TAT14219

Product

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

Reduction to the HPLA acceptor

HPPR5065

Product

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

Ester-forming condensation

RAS13433

Product

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH₂-Ar-OH

RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

mono-catechol ester precursor

CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support

CPR5870

Product

Rosmarinic acid

C₁₈H₁₆O₈

caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate

CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.

Lineage Distribution

Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.

All Lineages Algae (388) Bryophytes (9418) Lycophytes/Ferns (423) Gymnosperms (1285) Basal angiosperms (2118) Monocots (23710) Eudicots (83094)

Species Distribution

Lineage Summary

Module Gene List

Gene	Species	Protein ID
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029396	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029396
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029397	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029397
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029584	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029584
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029615	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029615
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029695	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029695
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029698	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029698
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029702	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029702
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029741	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029741
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030109	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030109
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030203	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030203
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030206	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030206
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030560	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030560
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030600	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030600
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030644	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030644
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030660	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030660
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030705	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030705
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030717	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030717
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030878	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030878
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031229	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031229
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031262	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031262
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031320	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031320
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031357	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031357
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031596	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031596
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031682	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031682
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031722	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031722
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031824	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031824
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031857	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031857
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031997	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031997
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032023	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032023
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032044	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL032044