Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route

Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.

7 curated steps/modules

Phenylalanine Donor Branch

Substrate

L-Phenylalanine

C₉H₁₁NO₂

C₆H₅-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch

PAL7015

Product

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.

Substrate

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation

C4H48992

Product

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.

Substrate

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

Substrate

CoA

C₂₁H₃₆N₇O₁₆P₃S

CoA-SH

CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor

4CL25914

Product

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.

Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation

Substrate

L-Tyrosine

C₉H₁₁NO₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

TAT14219

Product

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

Reduction to the HPLA acceptor

HPPR5065

Product

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

Ester-forming condensation

RAS13433

Product

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH₂-Ar-OH

RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

mono-catechol ester precursor

CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support

CPR5870

Product

Rosmarinic acid

C₁₈H₁₆O₈

caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate

CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.

Lineage Distribution

Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.

All Lineages Algae (388) Bryophytes (9418) Lycophytes/Ferns (423) Gymnosperms (1285) Basal angiosperms (2118) Monocots (23710) Eudicots (83094)

Species Distribution

Lineage Summary

Module Gene List

Gene	Species	Protein ID
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027368	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027368
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027372	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027372
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027374	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027374
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027393	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027393
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027422	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027422
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027480	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027480
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027486	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027486
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027518	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027518
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027572	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027572
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027573	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027573
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027575	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027575
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027588	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027588
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027746	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027746
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027829	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027829
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027862	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027862
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL028118	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL028118
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL028242	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL028242
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL028245	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL028245
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL028349	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL028349
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL028530	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL028530
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL028708	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL028708
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL028746	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL028746
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL028801	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL028801
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029043	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029043
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029044	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029044
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029048	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029048
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029363	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029363
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029379	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029379
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029391	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029391
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029392	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029392