Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route

Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.

7 curated steps/modules

Phenylalanine Donor Branch

Substrate

L-Phenylalanine

C₉H₁₁NO₂

C₆H₅-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch

PAL7015

Product

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.

Substrate

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation

C4H48992

Product

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.

Substrate

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

Substrate

CoA

C₂₁H₃₆N₇O₁₆P₃S

CoA-SH

CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor

4CL25914

Product

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.

Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation

Substrate

L-Tyrosine

C₉H₁₁NO₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

TAT14219

Product

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

Reduction to the HPLA acceptor

HPPR5065

Product

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

Ester-forming condensation

RAS13433

Product

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH₂-Ar-OH

RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

mono-catechol ester precursor

CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support

CPR5870

Product

Rosmarinic acid

C₁₈H₁₆O₈

caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate

CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.

Lineage Distribution

Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.

All Lineages Algae (388) Bryophytes (9418) Lycophytes/Ferns (423) Gymnosperms (1285) Basal angiosperms (2118) Monocots (23710) Eudicots (83094)

Species Distribution

Lineage Summary

Module Gene List

Gene	Species	Protein ID
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024648	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024648
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024857	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024857
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025001	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025001
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025094	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025094
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025096	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025096
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025099	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025099
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025140	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025140
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025141	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025141
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025184	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025184
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025325	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025325
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025326	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025326
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025328	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025328
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025329	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025329
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025571	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025571
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025657	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025657
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025700	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025700
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025838	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025838
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025843	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL025843
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL026258	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL026258
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL026259	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL026259
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL026508	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL026508
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL026584	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL026584
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL026657	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL026657
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL026680	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL026680
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL026682	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL026682
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL026980	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL026980
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027011	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027011
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027012	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027012
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027281	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027281
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027364	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL027364