Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route

Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.

7 curated steps/modules

Phenylalanine Donor Branch

Substrate

L-Phenylalanine

C₉H₁₁NO₂

C₆H₅-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch

PAL7015

Product

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.

Substrate

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation

C4H48992

Product

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.

Substrate

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

Substrate

CoA

C₂₁H₃₆N₇O₁₆P₃S

CoA-SH

CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor

4CL25914

Product

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.

Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation

Substrate

L-Tyrosine

C₉H₁₁NO₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

TAT14219

Product

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

Reduction to the HPLA acceptor

HPPR5065

Product

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

Ester-forming condensation

RAS13433

Product

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH₂-Ar-OH

RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

mono-catechol ester precursor

CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support

CPR5870

Product

Rosmarinic acid

C₁₈H₁₆O₈

caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate

CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.

Lineage Distribution

Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.

All Lineages Algae (388) Bryophytes (9418) Lycophytes/Ferns (423) Gymnosperms (1285) Basal angiosperms (2118) Monocots (23710) Eudicots (83094)

Species Distribution

Lineage Summary

Module Gene List

Gene	Species	Protein ID
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022480	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022480
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022499	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022499
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022500	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022500
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022638	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022638
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022675	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022675
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022689	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022689
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022799	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022799
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022800	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022800
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022802	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022802
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022821	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022821
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022938	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022938
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022940	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022940
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022981	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL022981
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL023044	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL023044
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL023437	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL023437
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL023663	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL023663
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL023949	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL023949
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024024	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024024
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024025	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024025
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024095	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024095
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024099	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024099
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024139	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024139
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024232	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024232
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024274	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024274
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024422	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024422
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024423	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024423
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024451	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024451
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024463	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024463
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024568	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024568
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024647	aconitum_vilmorinianum	aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL024647